"Dynamic testing" in automated testing means:

1. _Real-time testing_: Automated tests can test device behavior in real-time, as conditions change.

2. _Variable input testing_: Automated tests can test device behavior with varying inputs, such as different user interactions or sensor data.

3. _Environmental testing_: Automated tests can test device behavior under different environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, or lighting.

4. _Simulation-based testing_: Automated tests can simulate dynamic conditions, such as network connectivity or power outages.

5. _Adaptive testing_: Automated tests can adapt to changing device behavior, adjusting test scenarios accordingly.

6. _Feedback loop testing_: Automated tests can test device behavior with feedback loops, ensuring proper response to changing conditions.

7. _State transition testing_: Automated tests can test device behavior during state transitions, such as startup or shutdown.

8. _Error injection testing_: Automated tests can intentionally introduce errors or faults to test device behavior under dynamic conditions.

Dynamic testing in automated testing ensures devices operate correctly and reliably in real-world scenarios, where conditions constantly change.