Node roles refer to the various functions that nodes perform within a blockchain network. Each node role has a specific responsibility, and nodes can often perform multiple roles simultaneously. Here are some common node roles:

1. _Full Node_: A full node stores a complete copy of the blockchain, verifies transactions, and enforces network rules.

2. _Light Node_: A light node stores only a partial copy of the blockchain and relies on full nodes for validation.

3. _Miner_: A miner node solves complex mathematical problems to validate transactions and create new blocks.

4. _Validator_: A validator node verifies transactions and ensures they meet network rules, often used in proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus.

5. _Relayer_: A relayer node forwards transactions from one node to another, helping to propagate transactions across the network.

6. _Edge Node_: An edge node operates at the network edge, providing a entry point for external users and devices.

7. _Core Node_: A core node is a high-performance node that handles a large volume of transactions and provides network stability.

8. _Archive Node_: An archive node stores a historical record of the blockchain, allowing for data analysis and retrieval.

9. _Proxy Node_: A proxy node acts as an intermediary between nodes, facilitating communication and hiding internal network details.

10. _Bootstrap Node_: A bootstrap node helps new nodes join the network by providing initial blockchain data and configuration.

Understanding node roles is essential for designing and optimizing blockchain networks, as each role plays a critical part in maintaining the network's integrity and performance.