The Dencun upgrade is scheduled to be launched on March 14, 2024, followed by the introduction of EIP-4844, tentatively set for May 1, 2024. EIP-4844 aims to significantly reduce transaction fees by leveraging special resources, with estimates suggesting a reduction of 2x–5x.

EIP-4844 introduces Blobspace, a feature designed to store and manage large objects for 18 days, in contrast to the current method of managing Calldata. Large objects managed by Blobspace can include files, data, or documents, enhancing performance and management systems.

Transaction costs are primarily driven by two core aspects: the steps involved in executing a transaction and the availability of its data. The latter aspect, particularly the use of Calldata, contributes to 80% of the transaction fee, making transactions more expensive.

The launch of EIP-4844 will follow the Feijoa upgrade, scheduled for April, with a 10-day timelock standard for the Polygon EVM. While the launch will not impact Polygon CDK, as transaction fees are already economical for projects built with it, users can expect further reductions in prices once EIP-4844 goes live later in the year.

In essence, EIP-4844 will follow the mainnet launch of the Dencun Upgrade, reducing transaction fees by 2x–5x and introducing Blobspace as an alternative to Calldata. The announcement has positively impacted MATIC, the native token of the Polygon ecosystem, with an increase in trading volume and value. This development aligns with Polygon's efforts to enhance cross-chain transactions and interoperability by connecting Astar zkEVM to Polygon CDK via AggLayer.

With the expected reduction in transaction fees of 2x–5x, users can anticipate significant cost savings, with transaction fees estimated to decrease from $1 to $0.60–$0.36. However, these figures are estimates, and actual numbers will be disclosed once EIP-4844 is implemented. Blob, as an alternative to Calldata, will play a crucial role in making transaction data available at a reasonable cost and for a reasonable period.