Polygon is a layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum, designed to improve scalability and reduce transaction costs (gas fees).

In the context of blockchain, a polygon is a closed shape formed by connecting multiple points (vertices) with straight lines. In Ethereum, Polygon (formerly Matic Network) serves as a scaling solution that operates alongside the Ethereum mainchain, offering faster and cheaper transactions by leveraging sidechains. These sidechains, or "child chains," handle transactions off the main Ethereum chain, reducing congestion and lowering gas fees.

Polygon aims to enhance the Ethereum ecosystem by providing a framework for building and connecting Ethereum-compatible blockchain networks. Its infrastructure supports various decentralized applications (DApps) and enables interoperability between different blockchain networks, fostering scalability and usability for Ethereum-based projects.