Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, with fixed supplies, lean towards deflation due to how they mint their native tokens, providing an intriguing perspective on the balance between deflation and inflation dynamics.

Historically, inflation-driven government currencies have dominated global finance, yet the implications of this dominance deserve attention since this hasn't always been the norm.

Deflation, signifying a general decrease in goods and services prices when inflation takes a negative turn, boosts the value of money due to its fixed supply, introducing an element of scarcity. While deflation can indicate a dip in goods and services, it also highlights how currency purchasing power could rise, as observed in the US Dollar. The concept of deflation in modern finances splits opinions. On one side, ideas such as the Friedman Rule suggest controlled deflation can counter inflation and uphold currency as a stable value medium. Conversely, many economists caution against deflation as it inflates debts, straining individuals and spiraling downwards during recessions.

Historically, the US witnessed deflation during the Great Depression post banks' collapses, creating scarcity and sharply altering perceptions towards this economic phenomenon. However, inflation adjustments over time have intensified debt woes, prompting a reevaluation of deflation concepts. Reduced debt issuance during deflation may counterbalance the limitations of debt financing, offering insight into how deflation could navigate future financial landscapes as cryptocurrencies emerge.

The discussion around storing value links money intricately with its function as a store or exchange medium. Established cryptocurrencies serve as a shining example, particularly in illustrating Bitcoin’s robust role as a wealth store despite scalability challenges. Traditional methods like keeping fiat money or investing in commodities have their limitations; storing fiat money loses value over time, while investing in precious metals for stability is often cumbersome. Bitcoin offers a reliable alternative: it ensures convenience, complete control, and deflation with a capped supply.

Bitcoin’s deflationary aspects arise not just from its capped supply but also because its mining reward halves periodically, emulating precious metal storage values in a digital era. While traditional financial systems grapple with macroeconomic complexity, Bitcoin's decentralized nature pioneers a shift towards digital long-term value storage, experimenting with deflation in lieu of physical assets.

The ability of cryptocurrencies to preset inflation or deflation rates challenges traditional financial systems' adaptability to fluctuating economic metrics, providing a transparent base for value calculations and financial decision-making. Bitcoin’s evolving role as both a value store and exchange medium confronts the stability criterion for everyday transactions, a realm where modern systems struggle in maintaining a balance. While national currencies struggle to embody both roles due to centralized complexities, cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin stand poised to bridge this long-standing gap through technological innovation.

Bitcoin's potential as a value exchange medium, bolstered by technological advancements like Lightning Network, heralds new possibilities in the financial sphere. As this technology evolves to facilitate seamless transactions without intermediaries, it poses a critical question: can a currency successfully intertwine value storage and exchange, a puzzle that national currencies have long struggled to solve? Outside the realms of governmental influence, Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies might just hold the key to addressing a financial riddle that has confounded economists for years.