Password salting is a technique used to enhance the security of password storage. Here's how it works:

1. A random value, called a salt, is generated for each user.

2. The salt is added to the password before hashing.

3. The combined password and salt are hashed using a hash function like SHA-256.

4. The resulting hash value is stored in the database or password storage system.

The salt serves several purposes:

1. Prevents identical passwords from having the same hash value.

2. Makes it difficult for attackers to use precomputed tables (rainbow tables) to crack passwords.

3. Increases the computational overhead for attackers trying to crack passwords using brute-force attacks.

By using a unique salt for each user, even if two users have the same password, their hash values will be different. This makes it more secure and difficult for attackers to compromise the password storage.